The prose about him creating a superconducting loop with Sidious' power doesn't seem to be literal; I don't think Mace is actually absorbing Sidious' energy and redirecting it. Vaapad allows Mace to get swept up in the thrill of the fight, accessing his anger etc without succumbing to the dark side. Part of that is Mace accepting Sidous' fury and again, not allowing it to drag him toward the dark side.
The novel narrates no less than three times that Mace channels Palpatine's power, and it's literal enough that the prose offers this as explanation for precisely how Mace deflects the Lightning with his lightsaber.
Lightning blasted the clouds above, and lightning blasted from Palpatine's hands, and Mace didn't have time to comprehend what Palpatine was talking about; he had time only to slip back into Vaapad and angle his blade to catch the forking arcs of pure, dazzling hatred that clawed toward him. Because Vaapad is more than a fighting style. It is a state of mind: a channel for darkness. Power passed into him and out again without touching him. And the circuit completed itself: the lightning reflected back to its source.
--Revenge of the Sith
You're correct that the principal element of Vaapad is a Jedi "enjoying the fight," "passing the penumbra of the dark side," "the thrill of the battle," etc., but the conditioned closeness to dark power is how Mace is then able to draw in and then redirect out what the novel calls a "cycle of power." Power itself is what the superconducting loop channels; fury, unrestrained emotion, and darkness are correlated aspects channeled with it, as they form the bedrock and soil of that power.
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