He's neither. Fundamentally he's an opportunistic predator. The kind of person who will steal a bit of tech there, con an old man on a mountain into teaching him Chi tricks here, steal an ancient scroll from a tomb there, and so forth. He's a Frankenstien monster of various paths of power.

He falls into the that same dodgy category as Abra Kadabra and Mxyzptlk.

I'd say he is an intellectual villain. more than either of the two options listed.

Of the two, he's relied more heavily and predominantly on technology. I think he doesn't even necessarily see them as any different, whereas magic is just a science, a fairly
established reasoning in the Marvel Universe anyways.

Well originally his rings themselves were established as magic, setting up a nice dichotomy of magic vs technology. Later they retconned it that it was Malkun technology from Fin Fang Foom's ship. 
But his last really grand scale plan involved using an object of vaguely mystical origin called the Heart of Darkness to knock out Earth's technology. But of late he's turned to more tech based pursuits.  
Such as his attempted release of the Extremis virus in aerosol form. 
 
So I have to agree with Tem on this one. He seems to have hit the nail on the head.

He's an architect. I have always seen Mandy as more of a tech villain, just unique in the way he is not strictly tech like his No. # 1. antagonist Iron Man, because a lot of times he prefers not to use it all the time because he's a high level martial artist. His rings are alien tech with magical elements, but they're still tech, and he's spent years learning all about the alien science for its usage.

He ranks insanely high in genius I.Q., as he's the only human who is the most expert on Fin Fang Foom's race's and owned his own starbase, castles in China, and ran the Prometheus weapons company.

He seems to be particularly good at designing assault weapons and security devices. He designed a high tech Interceptor Ray during the Vietnam War.

I think a good case could be made for him being a money villain. He seems able to trivially spend hundreds of billions of dollars building giant robo-dragons, assembling armies, building huge numbers of missiles full of extremis, stealing magical items, and training himself into an evil Iron Fist type. He's the sort of guy for whom money is itself a power, since he can buy any other source, be it tech or magic or chi-amping martial arts training.

I think a good case could be made for him being a money villain

No, it's not true. In fact, it's completely false. Mandarin throughout his history was haunting a different goals and agendas, but none of it has anything to do with materialistic desires. The Mandarin have always personified the severe philosophical ideals of the east. Philosophies of the east are all about wisdom and honor, not materialism. Mandarin is all about wisdom and severity. He is fascinated with the philosophy of Yin and Yang, individual anarchism, supremacy, art of war, etc. He doesn't care for money. In fact, he's against the idea that materialism should prevail above the ideals and individuality of the individual. Mandarin wants to conquer the world not because he needs money, since he has plenty of them. He is corrupted by the idea that the world is broken and it needs radical fixing. It's his whole paradigm and mindset.

He's both. However, he mainly uses Makkluan based technology to create inventions and weapons. His rings are confirmed to be magical in nature by Malekith.

You misunderstand me. By money villain I don't mean that he's greedy. Rather, I mean that money is one of his main superpowers. Whereas an inventor villain is poor until he uses his inventions to steal. A wizard villain is poor until he uses his magic to steal. The Mandarin, on the other hand, seems to make incredible amounts of money off-screen. He owned, what was it, 600 companies in the Knauf's story? He's the kind of villain who is such a financial genius that his schemes don't even revolve around gaining it. Instead he does it casually, effortlessly, off-screen, and then uses that wealth to gain other things, like kidnapping scientists to invent the Dragon of Heaven, and then building that to their specifications. Or getting a magic item like the Eye of Yin.

In other words, he's the kind of character who will spend a fortune getting training in chi-channeling mysticism one day, spend another fortune getting a scientist with a great invention under his thumb the next day, spend yet another fortune acquiring a powerful magic item from an archeological site the day after that, and then spend yet another fortune hiring and equipping a conventional army the day after that, and never even give it a second thought, because he's just that damned good at making money.