Personally I’d say it’s a hero who is unique within their world, is greater than anyone could be in the real world, and has made it their primary goal to help people without any alterior motives.
Using a couple of you’re examples I’d say someone like James Bond isn’t a superhero because he is too realistic, it’s someone who could plausibly exist (and in fact people like that do exist) in real life. Compared to say Batman who is unrealistically great at what he does.
And someone like Harry Potter isn’t because he isn’t unique enough in his world, he is a wizard but there are lots of wizards that exist, so even though he has ‘superpowers’ it’s just a type of person that exists fairly commonly in that verse, he isn’t unique enough. Its like a ‘good’ Atlantean in DC isn’t a superhero despite being superhuman but someone like Aquaman or Mera are because they are more unique in their powers and actions.
Someone like Indiana Jones isn’t because he isn’t going about his life helping people for the sake of helping people, he is an archeologist exploring and researching and just happens to help some people along the way while doing what he is doing.
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